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</style><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: silver;">French Sign Language</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:110%; color: black; background-color: silver;"><i>Langue des signes française</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em;">LSF in <a href="French_manual_alphabet" title="French manual alphabet">French manual alphabet</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Native&nbsp;to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Signers</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">100,000&nbsp;(2019)<sup id="cite_ref-e25_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e25-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="French_Sign_Language_family" title="French Sign Language family">Francosign</a>
<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li>
<b>French Sign Language</b></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Early form</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="Old_French_Sign_Language" title="Old French Sign Language">Old French Sign</a>
</div></td></tr><tr class="plainlist"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Dialects</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">
<ul><li>Marseille Sign Language</li></ul>
</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: silver;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/fsl" class="extiw external" title="iso639-3:fsl">fsl</a></code> – inclusive code<br>Individual code:<br><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/ssr" class="extiw external" title="iso639-3:ssr">ssr</a></code>&nbsp;–&nbsp;Swiss French SL</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><i><a href="Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/fren1243">fren1243</a></code>&nbsp; French Sign Language<br><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/swis1241">swis1241</a></code>&nbsp; Swiss-French Sign Language</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="Endangered_Languages_Project" title="Endangered Languages Project">ELP</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/7360">Swiss-French Sign Language</a></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">
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<p><b>French Sign Language</b> (<a href="French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">langue des signes française</i>, <b>LSF</b>) is the <a href="Sign_language" title="Sign language">sign language</a> of <a href="Deafness_in_France" title="Deafness in France">deaf and hard-of-hearing people in France</a> and in <a href="Romandy" title="Romandy">French-speaking parts</a> of <a href="Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>. According to <i><a href="Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i>, it has 100,000 native signers.
</p><p>French Sign Language is related and partially ancestral to <a href="Dutch_Sign_Language" title="Dutch Sign Language">Dutch Sign Language</a> (NGT), <a href="Flemish_Sign_Language" title="Flemish Sign Language">Flemish Sign Language</a> (VGT), <a href="Belgian-French_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian-French Sign Language">Belgian-French Sign Language</a> (LSFB), <a href="Irish_Sign_Language" title="Irish Sign Language">Irish Sign Language</a> (ISL), <a href="American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">American Sign Language</a> (ASL), <a href="Quebec_Sign_Language" title="Quebec Sign Language">Quebec (also known as French Canadian) Sign Language</a> (LSQ), <a href="Brazilian_Sign_Language" title="Brazilian Sign Language">Brazilian Sign Language</a> (LSB or Libras) and <a href="Russian_Sign_Language" title="Russian Sign Language">Russian Sign Language</a> (RSL).
</p>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>French Sign Language is frequently, though mistakenly, attributed to the work of <a href="Charles_Michel_de_l'%C3%89p%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Michel de l'Épée">Charles Michel de l'Épée</a> (l'abbé de l'Épée). In fact, he is said to have discovered the already existing language by total accident; having ducked into a nearby house to escape the rain, he fell upon a pair of deaf twin sisters and was struck by the richness and complexity of the language that they used to communicate among themselves and the deaf Parisian community. The <a href="Abb%C3%A9" title="Abbé">abbé</a> set himself to learning the language, now known as <a href="Old_French_Sign_Language" title="Old French Sign Language">Old French Sign Language</a>, and eventually he established a free school for the deaf. At this school, he developed a system he called "methodical signs", to teach his students how to read and write. The abbé was eventually able to make public demonstrations (1771–1774) of his system, demonstrations that attracted educators and celebrities from all over the continent and that popularised the idea that the deaf could be educated, especially by gesture.
</p><p>The methodical signs he created were a mixture of sign language words he had learned with some grammatical terms he invented. The resulting combination, an artificial language, was over-complicated and completely unusable by his students. For example, where his system would elaborately construct the word "unintelligible" with a chain of five signs ("interior-understand-possible-adjective-not"), the deaf natural language would simply say "understand-impossible". LSF was not invented by the abbé, but his major contributions to the deaf community were to recognize that the deaf did not need oral language to be able to think, and to indirectly accelerate the natural growth of the language by virtue of putting so many deaf students under a single roof.
</p><p>From this time French Sign Language flourished until the late 19th century when a schism developed between the <a href="Manualism_and_oralism" class="mw-redirect" title="Manualism and oralism">manualist and oralist</a> schools of thought. In 1880 the <a href="Second_International_Congress_on_Education_of_the_Deaf" title="Second International Congress on Education of the Deaf">Milan International Congress of Teachers for the Deaf-Mute</a> convened and decided that the oralist tradition would be preferred. In due time the use of sign language was treated as a barrier to learning to talk and thus forbidden from the classroom.
</p><p>This situation remained unchanged in France until the late 1970s, when the deaf community began to militate for greater recognition of sign language and for a bilingual education system. In 1991 the National Assembly passed the Fabius law, officially authorising the use of LSF for the education of deaf children. A law was passed in 2005 fully <a href="Recognition_of_sign_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Recognition of sign languages">recognising LSF</a> as a language in its own right.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alphabet">Alphabet</h3></div>
<p>The <a href="French_manual_alphabet" title="French manual alphabet">French manual alphabet</a> is used both to distinguish signs of LSF and to incorporate French words while signing.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Old_French_Sign_Language" title="Old French Sign Language">Old French Sign Language</a></li>
<li><a href="Signed_French" title="Signed French">Signed French</a></li>
<li><a href="French_Sign_Language_Academy" title="French Sign Language Academy">French Sign Language Academy</a></li>
<li><a href="American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">American Sign Language</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
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<li id="cite_note-e25-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-e25_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/25/language/fsl">French Sign Language</a> at <i><a href="Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i> (25th ed., 2022) <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="Paywall" title="closed access publication – behind paywall"></a></span></span><br><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/25/language/ssr">Swiss French SL</a> at <i><a href="Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i> (25th ed., 2022) <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="Paywall" title="closed access publication – behind paywall"></a></span></span></span>
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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCodeArticle.do?cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006071191&amp;idArticle=LEGIARTI000006524761&amp;dateTexte=20170815">"Article L312-9-1"</a>. <i>Legifrance.gouv.fr</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171011043800/https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCodeArticle.do?cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006071191&amp;idArticle=LEGIARTI000006524761&amp;dateTexte=20170815">Archived</a> from the original on 11 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>
<ul><li><a class="external text external" href="https://fr.wikibooks.org/wiki/LSF">The LSF wikibook</a> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></li></ul>
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</style><div id="Languages_of_France141" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Languages_of_France" title="Languages of France">Languages of France</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="French_of_France" title="French of France">French</a>
<ul><li><a href="Meridional_French" title="Meridional French">Meridional</a></li>
<li><a href="Saint-Barth%C3%A9lemy_French" title="Saint-Barthélemy French">Saint-Barthélemy</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Alemannic_German" title="Alemannic German">Alemannic German</a>
<ul><li><a href="Alsatian_dialect" title="Alsatian dialect">Alsatian</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Basque_language" title="Basque language">Basque</a>
<ul><li><a href="Navarro-Lapurdian_dialect" title="Navarro-Lapurdian dialect">Navarro-Lapurdian</a></li>
<li><a href="Souletin_dialect" title="Souletin dialect">Souletin</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Berrichon_dialect" title="Berrichon dialect">Berrichon</a></li>
<li><a href="Breton_language" title="Breton language">Breton</a>
<ul><li><a href="Tr%C3%A9gorrois_Breton_dialect" title="Trégorrois Breton dialect">Trégorrois</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Burgundian_language_(O%C3%AFl)" title="Burgundian language (Oïl)">Burgundian</a></li>
<li><a href="Catalan_language" title="Catalan language">Catalan</a>
<ul><li><a href="Northern_Catalan" title="Northern Catalan">Northern Catalan</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Champenois_language" title="Champenois language">Champenois</a></li>
<li><a href="Corsican_language" title="Corsican language">Corsican</a></li>
<li><a href="Frainc-Comtou" title="Frainc-Comtou">Frainc-Comtou</a></li>
<li><a href="Franco-Proven%C3%A7al" title="Franco-Provençal">Franco-Provençal</a>
<ul><li><a href="Savoyard_dialect" title="Savoyard dialect">Savoyard</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Gallo_language" title="Gallo language">Gallo</a></li>
<li><a href="Ligurian_language" title="Ligurian language">Ligurian</a>
<ul><li><a href="Brigasc_dialect" title="Brigasc dialect">Brigasc</a></li>
<li><a href="Intemelio_dialect" title="Intemelio dialect">Intemelio</a></li>
<li><a href="Royasc" title="Royasc">Royasc</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Lorrain_language" title="Lorrain language">Lorrain</a></li>
<li><a href="Lorraine_Franconian" title="Lorraine Franconian">Lorraine Franconian</a></li>
<li><a href="Luxembourgish" title="Luxembourgish">Luxembourgish</a></li>
<li><a href="Norman_language" title="Norman language">Norman</a>
<ul><li><a href="Cauchois_dialect" title="Cauchois dialect">Cauchois</a></li>
<li><a href="Cotentinais" title="Cotentinais">Cotentinais</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Occitan_language" title="Occitan language">Occitan</a>
<ul><li><a href="Auvergnat_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Auvergnat dialect">Auvergnat</a></li>
<li><a href="Gascon_dialect" title="Gascon dialect">Gascon</a></li>
<li><a href="Languedocien_dialect" title="Languedocien dialect">Languedocien</a></li>
<li><a href="Limousin_dialect" title="Limousin dialect">Limousin</a></li>
<li><a href="Marchois_(dialect)" title="Marchois (dialect)">Marchois</a></li>
<li><a href="Proven%C3%A7al_dialect" title="Provençal dialect">Provençal</a>
<ul><li><a href="Ni%C3%A7ard_dialect" title="Niçard dialect">Niçard</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Vivaro-Alpine_dialect" title="Vivaro-Alpine dialect">Vivaro-Alpine</a>
<ul><li><a href="Mentonasc_dialect" title="Mentonasc dialect">Mentonasc</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Picard_language" title="Picard language">Picard</a></li>
<li><a href="Poitevin%E2%80%93Saintongeais" title="Poitevin–Saintongeais">Poitevin–Saintongeais</a>
<ul><li><a href="Poitevin_dialect" title="Poitevin dialect">Poitevin</a></li>
<li><a href="Saintongeais_dialect" title="Saintongeais dialect">Saintongeais</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Walloon_language" title="Walloon language">Walloon</a></li>
<li><a href="West_Flemish" title="West Flemish">West Flemish</a>
<ul><li><a href="French_Flemish" title="French Flemish">French Flemish</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overseas languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Aji%C3%AB_language" title="Ajië language">Ajië</a></li>
<li><a href="Antillean_Creole" title="Antillean Creole">Antillean Creole</a></li>
<li><a href="Drehu_language" title="Drehu language">Drehu</a></li>
<li><a href="Guianese_Creole" class="mw-redirect" title="Guianese Creole">Guianese Creole</a></li>
<li><a href="Futunan_language" title="Futunan language">Futunan</a></li>
<li><a href="Bushi_language" title="Bushi language">Kibushi</a></li>
<li><a href="Nengone_language" title="Nengone language">Nengone</a></li>
<li><a href="Paic%C3%AE_language" title="Paicî language">Paicî</a></li>
<li><a href="R%C3%A9union_Creole" title="Réunion Creole">Réunion Creole</a></li>
<li><a href="Maore_dialect" title="Maore dialect">Shimaore</a></li>
<li><a href="Tahitian_language" title="Tahitian language">Tahitian</a></li>
<li><a href="Wallisian_language" title="Wallisian language">Wallisian</a></li>
<li><a href="Xaracuu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Xaracuu language">Xaracuu</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minority languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Algerian_Jewish_Sign_Language" title="Algerian Jewish Sign Language">Algerian Jewish Sign Language</a></li>
<li><a href="Cal%C3%B3_language" title="Caló language">Caló</a></li>
<li><a href="Erromintxela_language" title="Erromintxela language">Erromintxela</a></li>

<li><a href="Sinte_Romani" title="Sinte Romani">Manuš Romani</a></li>
<li><a href="Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></li>
<li><a href="Wenzhounese" title="Wenzhounese">Wenzhounese</a></li>
<li><a href="Western_Armenian" title="Western Armenian">Western Armenian</a></li>
<li><a href="Yenish_language" title="Yenish language">Yenish</a></li>
<li><a href="Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Guillemet" title="Guillemet">Guillemet</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="Language_policy_in_France" title="Language policy in France">Language policy in France</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Languages_of_Switzerland80" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Languages_of_Switzerland80" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Languages_of_Switzerland" title="Languages of Switzerland">Languages of Switzerland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Swiss_French" title="Swiss French">French</a></li>
<li><a href="Swiss_Standard_German" title="Swiss Standard German">German</a></li>
<li><a href="Swiss_Italian" title="Swiss Italian">Italian</a></li>
<li><a href="Romansh_language" title="Romansh language">Romansh</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major dialect groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Lombard_language" title="Lombard language">Lombard</a> (<a href="Ticinese_dialect" title="Ticinese dialect">Ticinese</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Franco-Proven%C3%A7al" title="Franco-Provençal">Romand</a></li>
<li><a href="Sinte_Romani" title="Sinte Romani">Sinte</a></li>
<li><a href="Swiss_German" title="Swiss German">Swiss German</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sign languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Swiss-German_Sign_Language" title="Swiss-German Sign Language">Swiss-German Sign</a></li>

<li><a href="Italian_Sign_Language" title="Italian Sign Language">Italian Sign</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Languages_of_French_Guiana76" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Languages_of_French_Guiana76" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Languages_of_French_Guiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of French Guiana">Languages of French Guiana</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="French_language" title="French language">French</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Local languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Arawak_language" title="Arawak language">Arawak</a></li>
<li><a href="Ndyuka_language" title="Ndyuka language">Aukan</a></li>
<li><a href="Carib_language" title="Carib language">Carib</a></li>
<li><a href="Emerillon_language" title="Emerillon language">Emerillon</a></li>
<li><a href="French_Guianese_Creole" title="French Guianese Creole">Guianese Creole</a></li>
<li><a href="Palik%C3%BAr_language" title="Palikúr language">Palikúr</a></li>
<li><a href="Saramaccan_language" title="Saramaccan language">Saramaccan</a></li>
<li><a href="Wayampi_language" title="Wayampi language">Wayampi</a></li>
<li><a href="Wayana_language" title="Wayana language">Wayana</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sign languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Francosign_languages164" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Francosign_languages164" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="French_Sign_Language_family" title="French Sign Language family">Francosign languages</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Proto-language" title="Proto-language">Proto</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Old_French_Sign_Language" title="Old French Sign Language">Proto-LSF</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Algerian_Sign_Language" title="Algerian Sign Language">Algerian</a></li></ul>
</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Varieties_of_American_Sign_Language" title="Varieties of American Sign Language">ASLic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Francophone_African_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Francophone African Sign Language">Francophone African</a></li>
<li><a href="Ghanaian_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghanaian Sign Language">Ghanaian</a></li>
<li><a href="Moroccan_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Moroccan Sign Language">Moroccan</a></li>
<li><a href="Nigerian_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigerian Sign Language">Nigerian</a></li>
<li><a href="Sierra_Leonean_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sierra Leonean Sign Language">Sierra Leonean</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Danish_Sign_Language_family" title="Danish Sign Language family">Danish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Malagasy_Sign_Language" title="Malagasy Sign Language">Malagasy</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Dutch_Sign_Language" title="Dutch Sign Language">Dutch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Gambian_Sign_Language" title="Gambian Sign Language">Gambian</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Italian_Sign_Language" title="Italian Sign Language">Italian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Tunisian_Sign_Language" title="Tunisian Sign Language">Tunisian</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Brazilian_Sign_Language" title="Brazilian Sign Language">Libras</a></li>
<li><a href="Chilean_Sign_Language" title="Chilean Sign Language">Chilean</a></li></ul>
</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Varieties_of_American_Sign_Language" title="Varieties of American Sign Language">ASLic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">American</a></li>
<li><a href="Bolivian_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivian Sign Language">Bolivian</a></li>
<li><a href="Costa_Rican_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Costa Rican Sign Language">Costa Rican</a></li>
<li><a href="Dominican_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominican Sign Language">Dominican</a></li>
<li><a href="Jamaican_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamaican Sign Language">Jamaican</a></li>
<li><a href="Panamanian_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Panamanian Sign Language">Panamanian</a></li>
<li><a href="Puerto_Rican_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican Sign Language">Puerto Rican</a></li>
<li><a href="Quebec_Sign_Language" title="Quebec Sign Language">Quebec</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mexican</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Mexican_Sign_Language" title="Mexican Sign Language">Mexican</a></li>
<li><a href="Honduran_Sign_Language" title="Honduran Sign Language">Honduran</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mixed, <a href="Plains_Indian_Sign_Language" title="Plains Indian Sign Language">Hand Talk</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Oneida_Sign_Language" title="Oneida Sign Language">Oneida (OSL)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Varieties_of_American_Sign_Language" title="Varieties of American Sign Language">ASLic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Kuala_Lumpur_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuala Lumpur Sign Language">Kuala Lumpur</a></li>
<li><a href="Burmese_sign_language" title="Burmese sign language">Burmese</a></li>
<li><a href="Philippine_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Sign Language">Philippine</a></li>
<li><a href="Singapore_Sign_Language" title="Singapore Sign Language">Singaporean</a></li>
<li><a href="Thai_Sign_Language" title="Thai Sign Language">Thai</a></li></ul>
</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="BIM3" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">BIM</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Malaysian_Sign_Language" title="Malaysian Sign Language">BIM</a></li></ul>
</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="BISINDO37" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Indonesian_sign_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian sign languages">BISINDO</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>Jakarta</li>
<li>Yogyakarta</li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Mongolian_Sign_Language" title="Mongolian Sign Language">Mongolian</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Dutch_Sign_Language" title="Dutch Sign Language">Dutch</a></li>

<li><a href="Irish_Sign_Language" title="Irish Sign Language">Irish</a></li>
<li><a href="Italian_Sign_Language" title="Italian Sign Language">Italian</a></li>
<li><a href="Latvian_Sign_Language" title="Latvian Sign Language">Latvian</a></li>
<li><a href="Lithuanian_Sign_Language" title="Lithuanian Sign Language">Lithuanian</a></li>
<li><a href="Romanian_Sign_Language" title="Romanian Sign Language">Romanian</a></li>
<li><a href="Swiss-German_Sign_Language" title="Swiss-German Sign Language">Swiss-German</a></li></ul>
</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Varieties_of_American_Sign_Language" title="Varieties of American Sign Language">ASLic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Greek_Sign_Language" title="Greek Sign Language">Greek</a>
<ul><li><a href="Cypriot_Sign_Language" title="Cypriot Sign Language">Cypriot</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Austro-<br>Hungarian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Austrian_Sign_Language" title="Austrian Sign Language">Austrian</a></li>
<li><a href="Czech_Sign_Language" title="Czech Sign Language">Czech</a></li>
<li><a href="Hungarian_Sign_Language" title="Hungarian Sign Language">Hungarian</a></li>
<li><a href="Slovak_Sign_Language" title="Slovak Sign Language">Slovak</a></li></ul>
</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Bulgarian_Sign_Language" title="Bulgarian Sign Language">Bulgarian</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_Sign_Language" title="Estonian Sign Language">Estonian</a></li>
<li><a href="Georgian_Sign_Language" title="Georgian Sign Language">Georgian</a></li>
<li><a href="Russian_Sign_Language" title="Russian Sign Language">Russian</a></li>
<li><a href="Ukrainian_Sign_Language" title="Ukrainian Sign Language">Ukrainian</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yugoslav</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Croatian_Sign_Language" title="Croatian Sign Language">Croatian</a></li>
<li><a href="Yugoslav_Sign_Language" title="Yugoslav Sign Language">Yugoslav</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Catalan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Catalan_Sign_Language" title="Catalan Sign Language">Catalan</a></li>
<li><a href="Valencian_Sign_Language" title="Valencian Sign Language">Valencian</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Old Belgian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Flemish_Sign_Language" title="Flemish Sign Language">Flemish</a></li>
<li><a href="French_Belgian_Sign_Language" title="French Belgian Sign Language">French Belgian</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Danish_Sign_Language_family" title="Danish Sign Language family">Danish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Danish_Sign_Language" title="Danish Sign Language">Danish</a></li>
<li><a href="Icelandic_Sign_Language" title="Icelandic Sign Language">Icelandic</a></li>
<li><a href="Norwegian_Sign_Language" title="Norwegian Sign Language">Norwegian</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Australian-Irish_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian-Irish Sign Language">Australian-Irish</a></li></ul>
</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mixed,_Hoailona_ʻŌlelo51" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mixed, <a href="Hawai%CA%BBi_Sign_Language" title="Hawaiʻi Sign Language">Hoailona ʻŌlelo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>Creole Hawaiʻi Sign Language (CHSL)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Italics</i> indicate <a href="Language_death" title="Language death">extinct languages</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">
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.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}


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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sign_language1559" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Sign_language1559" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Sign_language" title="Sign language">Sign language</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>
<ul><li><a href="List_of_sign_languages" title="List of sign languages">List of sign languages</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_sign_languages_by_number_of_native_signers" title="List of sign languages by number of native signers">List by number of signers</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Language<br>families<sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_note_a"><a href="#endnote_note_a">[a]</a></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Sign_languages_by_family973" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Sign languages by family</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Australian_Aboriginal_sign_languages" title="Australian Aboriginal sign languages">Australian<br> Aboriginal</a><br> (<small>multiple families</small>)<sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_note_c"><a href="#endnote_note_c">[c]</a></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="Dieri_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dieri Sign Language">Diyari</a></i></li>
<li><a href="Djingili_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Djingili Sign Language">Djingili</a></li>
<li><a href="Akitiri_Sign_Language" title="Akitiri Sign Language">Eltye eltyarrenke</a></li>
<li><a href="Arrernte_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrernte Sign Language">Iltyeme iltyeme</a></li>
<li><i><a href="Jaralde_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaralde Sign Language">Jaralde</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="Kalkutungu_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalkutungu Sign Language">Kalkutungu</a></i></li>
<li><a href="Miriwoong_Sign_Language" title="Miriwoong Sign Language">Miriwoong</a></li>
<li><a href="Mudbura_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mudbura Sign Language">Mudburra</a></li>
<li><i><a href="Pitha_Pitha_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitha Pitha Sign Language">Pitha Pitha</a></i></li>
<li><a href="Warlpiri_Sign_Language" title="Warlpiri Sign Language">Rdaka rdaka</a></li>
<li><a href="Umpila_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Umpila Sign Language">Umpila</a>
<ul><li><a href="Far_North_Queensland_Indigenous_Sign_Language" title="Far North Queensland Indigenous Sign Language">Far North Queensland</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Warlmanpa_Sign_Language" title="Warlmanpa Sign Language">Warlmanpa</a></li>
<li><i><a href="Warluwara_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Warluwara Sign Language">Warluwara</a></i></li>
<li><a href="Warumungu_Sign_Language" title="Warumungu Sign Language">Warramunga</a></li>
<li><a href="Worora_Kinship_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Worora Kinship Sign Language">Worora Kinship</a></li>
<li>Yan-nhaŋu</li>
<li><a href="Yir_Yoront_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yir Yoront Sign Language">Yir Yoront</a></li>
<li><a href="Yol%C5%8Bu_Sign_Language" title="Yolŋu Sign Language">Yolŋu</a></li></ul>
</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Western_Desert_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Desert Sign Language">Western Desert</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Kartutjarra_language#Sign_language" title="Kartutjarra language">Kartutjarra</a></li>
<li><a href="Manjiljarra_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Manjiljarra Sign Language">Manjiljarra</a></li>
<li><a href="Ngaatjatjarra_dialect#Sign_language" title="Ngaatjatjarra dialect">Ngaatjatjarra</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zendath Kesign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Eastern_Torres_Strait_Islander_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Torres Strait Islander Sign Language">Meriam</a></li>
<li><a href="Western_Torres_Strait_Islander_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Torres Strait Islander Sign Language">Western Torres Strait Islander</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Arab_sign-language_family" title="Arab sign-language family">Arab (Ishaaric)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Egyptian_Sign_Language" title="Egyptian Sign Language">Egyptian</a></li>
<li><a href="Kuwaiti_Sign_Language" title="Kuwaiti Sign Language">Kuwaiti</a></li>
<li><a href="Libyan_Sign_Language" title="Libyan Sign Language">Libyan</a></li>
<li><a href="Qatari_Unified_Sign_Language" title="Qatari Unified Sign Language">Qatari Unified</a></li>
<li><a href="Yemeni_Sign_Language" title="Yemeni Sign Language">Yemeni</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Iraqi–<br> Levantine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Iraqi_Sign_Language" title="Iraqi Sign Language">Iraqi</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Levantine_Arabic_Sign_Language" title="Levantine Arabic Sign Language">Levantine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>Jordanian</li>
<li>Lebanese</li>
<li>Palestinian</li>
<li>Syrian</li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Possible</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Emirati_Sign_Language" title="Emirati Sign Language">Emirati</a></li>
<li><a href="Saudi_Sign_Language" title="Saudi Sign Language">Saudi</a></li>
<li><a href="Omani_Sign_Language" title="Omani Sign Language">Omani</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Chinese_Sign_Language" title="Chinese Sign Language">Chinese Sign</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Chinese_Sign_Language" title="Chinese Sign Language">Chinese (CSL/ZGS)</a>
<ul><li>Shanghai
<ul><li><a href="Hong_Kong_Sign_Language" title="Hong Kong Sign Language">Hong Kong (HKSL)</a>
<ul><li>Macau</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chilean-Paraguayan-<br> Uruguayan Sign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Chilean_Sign_Language" title="Chilean Sign Language">Chilean (LSCh)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Paraguay-Uruguay_Sign_Language_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraguay-Uruguay Sign Language family">Paraguayan-<br> Uruguayan Sign</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Paraguay_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraguay Sign Language">Paraguay (LSPY)</a></li>
<li><a href="Uruguay_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Uruguay Sign Language">Uruguay (LSU)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="French_Sign_Language_family" title="French Sign Language family">Francosign</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Algerian_Sign_Language" title="Algerian Sign Language">Algerian (LSA)</a></li>
<li><a href="Swiss-German_Sign_Language" title="Swiss-German Sign Language">Swiss-German (DSGS)</a></li>
<li><a href="Estonian_Sign_Language" title="Estonian Sign Language">Estonian (Eesti viipekeel)</a></li>
<li><a href="Irish_Sign_Language" title="Irish Sign Language">Irish (ISL)</a>
<ul><li><a href="Australian_Irish_Sign_Language" title="Australian Irish Sign Language">Australian-Irish</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Brazilian_Sign_Language" title="Brazilian Sign Language">Brazilian (Libras)</a></li>
<li><a href="Lithuanian_Sign_Language" title="Lithuanian Sign Language">Lithuanian</a></li>
<li><a href="Catalan_Sign_Language" title="Catalan Sign Language">Catalan (LSC)</a>
<ul><li><a href="Valencian_Sign_Language" title="Valencian Sign Language">Valencian (LSV)</a></li></ul></li>
<li>
<ul><li><i><a href="Old_French_Sign_Language" title="Old French Sign Language">Old French</a></i><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_note_c"><a href="#endnote_note_c">[c]</a></sup></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Romanian_Sign_Language" title="Romanian Sign Language">Romanian (LSR)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Varieties_of_American_Sign_Language" title="Varieties of American Sign Language">American<br> (ASLic)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">American (ASL)</a>
<ul><li><a href="Black_American_Sign_Language" title="Black American Sign Language">Black ASL (BASL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Protactile" title="Protactile">Protactile</a></li></ul></li>
<li>Bolivian</li>
<li><a href="Burmese_sign_language" title="Burmese sign language">Burmese</a>
<ul><li>Yangon</li>
<li>Mandalay</li></ul></li>
<li>Cambodian</li>
<li>Costa Rican</li>
<li>Dominican</li>
<li><a href="Guyanese_Sign_Language" title="Guyanese Sign Language">Guyanese</a></li>
<li>Jamaican</li>
<li><a href="Malaysian_Sign_Language" title="Malaysian Sign Language">Malaysian (BIM)</a></li>
<li>Panamanian</li>
<li><a href="Filipino_Sign_Language" title="Filipino Sign Language">Filipino (FSL)</a></li>
<li>Puerto Rican (PRSL)</li>
<li><a href="Sign_language_in_Singapore" class="mw-redirect" title="Sign language in Singapore">Singapore (SgSL)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indonesian (Nusantaric)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Indonesian_Sign_Language" title="Indonesian Sign Language">Indonesian (Bisindo)</a>
<ul><li>Jakarta</li>
<li>Yogyakarta</li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Francophone African<br>(Françafrosign)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>Ethiopian</li>
<li>Chadian</li>
<li>Ghanaian</li>
<li>Guinean</li>
<li><a href="Bamako_Sign_Language" title="Bamako Sign Language">Bamako (LaSiMa)</a></li>
<li>Moroccan</li>
<li>Nigerian</li>
<li>Sierra Leonean</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mixed, <a href="Plains_Indian_Sign_Language" title="Plains Indian Sign Language">Hand Talk</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Oneida_Sign_Language" title="Oneida Sign Language">Oneida (OSL)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mixed, <a href="Hawai%CA%BBi_Sign_Language" title="Hawaiʻi Sign Language">Hoailona ʻŌlelo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>Creole Hawaiʻi Sign Language (CHSL)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mixed, </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Greek_Sign_Language" title="Greek Sign Language">Greek (ΕΝΓ/ENG)</a>
<ul><li><a href="Cypriot_Sign_Language" title="Cypriot Sign Language">Cypriot (ΚΝΓ/KNG)</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Quebec_Sign_Language" title="Quebec Sign Language">Quebec (LSQ)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Austro-<br> Hungarian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Czech_Sign_Language" title="Czech Sign Language">Czech (ČZJ)</a></li>
<li><a href="Hungarian_Sign_Language" title="Hungarian Sign Language">Hungarian (Magyar Jelnyev)</a></li>
<li><a href="Austrian_Sign_Language" title="Austrian Sign Language">Austrian (ÖGS)</a></li>
<li><a href="Slovak_Sign_Language" title="Slovak Sign Language">Slovak (SPJ)</a></li>
<li><a href="Ukrainian_Sign_Language" title="Ukrainian Sign Language">Ukrainian (УЖМ/USL)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russian Sign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Azerbaijani_Sign_Language" title="Azerbaijani Sign Language">Azerbaijani (AİD)</a></li>
<li><a href="Bulgarian_Sign_Language" title="Bulgarian Sign Language">Bulgarian (БЖЕ)</a></li>
<li><a href="Georgian_Sign_Language" title="Georgian Sign Language">Georgian</a></li>
<li><a href="Kazakh_Sign_Language" title="Kazakh Sign Language">Kazakh-Russian (KSL/KRSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Latvian_Sign_Language" title="Latvian Sign Language">Latvian (LSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Mongolian_Sign_Language" title="Mongolian Sign Language">Mongolian</a></li>
<li><a href="Russian_Sign_Language" title="Russian Sign Language">Russian (РЖЯ)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yugoslavic Sign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Croatian_Sign_Language" title="Croatian Sign Language">Croatian (HZJ)</a></li>
<li>Kosovar</li>
<li>Serbian</li>
<li>Slovenian</li>
<li><a href="Yugoslav_Sign_Language" title="Yugoslav Sign Language">Yugoslav (YSL)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dutch Sign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Dutch_Sign_Language" title="Dutch Sign Language">Dutch (NGT)</a></li>
<li><a href="Gambian_Sign_Language" title="Gambian Sign Language">Gambian</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italian Sign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Italian_Sign_Language" title="Italian Sign Language">Italian (LIS)</a></li>
<li><a href="Tunisian_Sign_Language" title="Tunisian Sign Language">Tunisian (TSL)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mexican Sign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Mexican_Sign_Language" title="Mexican Sign Language">Mexican (LSM)</a></li>
<li><a href="Honduran_Sign_Language" title="Honduran Sign Language">Honduran (LESHO)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Old Belgian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Flemish_Sign_Language" title="Flemish Sign Language">Flemish (VGT)</a></li>
<li><a href="French_Belgian_Sign_Language" title="French Belgian Sign Language">French Belgian (LSFB)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Danish_Sign_Language_family" title="Danish Sign Language family">Danish (Tegnic)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Malagasy_Sign_Language" title="Malagasy Sign Language">Malagasy</a></li>
<li><a href="Icelandic_Sign_Language" title="Icelandic Sign Language">Icelandic (Táknmál)</a></li>
<li><a href="Norwegian_Sign_Language" title="Norwegian Sign Language">Norwegian (Tegnspråk)</a></li>
<li><a href="Danish_Sign_Language" title="Danish Sign Language">Danish (Tegnsprog)</a></li>
<li>Faroese (Teknmál)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Vietnamese_sign_languages" title="Vietnamese sign languages">Viet-Thai</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Haiphong_Sign_Language" title="Haiphong Sign Language">Hai Phong</a></li>
<li><a href="Hanoi_Sign_Language" title="Hanoi Sign Language">Hanoi</a></li>
<li><a href="Saigon_Sign_Language" title="Saigon Sign Language">Ho Chi Minh</a></li>
<li><a href="Thai_Sign_Language" title="Thai Sign Language">Thai (TSL/MSTSL)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Plains_Indian_Sign_Language" title="Plains Indian Sign Language">Hand Talk</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>Great Basin</li>
<li>Northeast</li>
<li>Plains Sign Talk</li>
<li><i>Southeast</i></li>
<li>Southwest</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mixed, <a href="American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">American (ASL)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Oneida_Sign_Language" title="Oneida Sign Language">Oneida (OSL)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Plateau_Sign_Language" title="Plateau Sign Language">Plateau</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>A'aninin</li>
<li>Kalispel</li>
<li>Ktunaxa (ʾa·qanⱡiⱡⱡitnam)</li>
<li>Nesilextcl'n</li>
<li>Shuswap (Secwepemcékst)</li>
<li>Sqeliz</li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Indo-Pakistani_Sign_Language" title="Indo-Pakistani Sign Language">Indo-Pakistani<br> Sign</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>Bangalore-Madras</li>
<li>Beluchistan</li>
<li><a href="Bengali_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Sign Language">Bengali</a></li>
<li>Bombay</li>
<li>Calcutta</li>
<li>Delhi</li>
<li><a href="Nepali_Sign_Language" title="Nepali Sign Language">Nepali</a></li>
<li>North West Frontier Province</li>
<li>Punjab-Sindh</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Japanese_Sign_Language_family" title="Japanese Sign Language family">Japanese Sign</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Japanese_Sign_Language" title="Japanese Sign Language">Japanese (JSL/Nihon Shuwa)</a></li>
<li><a href="Korean_Sign_Language" title="Korean Sign Language">Korean (KSL/Hanguk Sueo)</a></li>
<li><a href="Taiwan_Sign_Language" title="Taiwan Sign Language">Taiwanese (TSL/Taiwan Shouyu)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Kentish</i><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_note_c"><a href="#endnote_note_c">[c]</a></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><i><a href="Old_Kentish_Sign_Language" title="Old Kentish Sign Language">Old Kentish</a></i></li>
<li><i>Chilmark</i>
<ul><li><i><a href="Martha's_Vineyard_Sign_Language" title="Martha's Vineyard Sign Language">Martha's Vineyard (MVSL)</a></i></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Mayan_Sign_Language" title="Mayan Sign Language">Maya (Meemul Tziij /<br>Meemul Ch'aab'al)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>Highland Maya</li>
<li>Yucatec
<ul><li>Chicán</li>
<li>Nohkop</li>
<li>Nohya</li>
<li>Trascorral</li>
<li>Cepeda Peraza</li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">NW Eurosign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="BANZSL53" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="BANZSL" title="BANZSL">BANZSL</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Auslan" title="Auslan">Auslan</a>
<ul><li><a href="Papua_New_Guinean_Sign_Language" title="Papua New Guinean Sign Language">Papua New Guinean (PNGSL)</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="British_Sign_Language" title="British Sign Language">British (BSL)</a>
<ul><li><a href="Northern_Ireland_Sign_Language" title="Northern Ireland Sign Language">Northern Ireland (NISL)</a></li></ul></li>
<li>Fijian</li>
<li><a href="Maritime_Sign_Language" title="Maritime Sign Language">Maritime (MSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="New_Zealand_Sign_Language" title="New Zealand Sign Language">New Zealand (NZSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Samoan_Sign_Language" title="Samoan Sign Language">Samoan</a></li>
<li><a href="South_African_Sign_Language" title="South African Sign Language">South African (SASL)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Swedish_Sign_Language_family" title="Swedish Sign Language family">Swedish Sign</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Eritrean_Sign_Language" title="Eritrean Sign Language">Eritrean (EriSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Finland-Swedish_Sign_Language" title="Finland-Swedish Sign Language">Finland-Swedish (FinSSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Portuguese_Sign_Language" title="Portuguese Sign Language">Portuguese (LGP)</a>
<ul><li><a href="Cape_Verdian_Sign_Language" title="Cape Verdian Sign Language">Cape Verdian (LGC)</a></li>
<li><a href="S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_Sign_Language" title="São Tomé and Príncipe Sign Language">São Tomé and Príncipean (LGSTP)</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Swedish_Sign_Language" title="Swedish Sign Language">Swedish (Teckenspråk)</a></li>
<li><a href="Finnish_Sign_Language" title="Finnish Sign Language">Finnish (Viittomakieli)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="German_Sign_Language_family" title="German Sign Language family">German Sign</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="German_Sign_Language" title="German Sign Language">German (DGS)</a></li>
<li><a href="Polish_Sign_Language" title="Polish Sign Language">Polish (PJM)</a></li>
<li><a href="Israeli_Sign_Language" title="Israeli Sign Language">Israeli (Shassi)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Old_Chiangmai%E2%80%93Bangkok_Sign_Language_family" title="Old Chiangmai–Bangkok Sign Language family">Original Thai Sign</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Chiangmai_Sign_Language" title="Chiangmai Sign Language">Chiangmai</a></li>
<li><a href="Haiphong_Sign_Language" title="Haiphong Sign Language">Hai Phong</a></li>
<li><a href="Old_Bangkok_Sign_Language" title="Old Bangkok Sign Language">Old Bangkok</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Paget_Gorman_Sign_System" title="Paget Gorman Sign System">Paget Gorman</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Namibian_Sign_Language" title="Namibian Sign Language">Namibian (NSL)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Providencia%E2%80%93Cayman_Sign_Language_family" title="Providencia–Cayman Sign Language family">Providencia–<br> Cayman Sign</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Providence_Island_Sign_Language" title="Providence Island Sign Language">Providence Island (Provisle)</a></li>
<li><a href="Old_Cayman_Sign_Language" title="Old Cayman Sign Language">Old Cayman (Guyanese)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Isolates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Afghan_Sign_Language" title="Afghan Sign Language">Afghan</a></li>
<li><a href="Al-Sayyid_Bedouin_Sign_Language" title="Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language">Al-Sayyid Bedouin (ABSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Albanian_Sign_Language" title="Albanian Sign Language">Albanian (AlbSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Albarradas_Sign_Language" title="Albarradas Sign Language">Albarradas Sign Language</a></li>
<li><a href="Alipur_Sign_Language" title="Alipur Sign Language">Alipur</a></li>
<li><a href="Argentine_Sign_Language" title="Argentine Sign Language">Argentine (LSA)</a></li>
<li><a href="Armenian_Sign_Language" title="Armenian Sign Language">Armenian</a></li>
<li><i><a href="Caucasian_Sign_Language" title="Caucasian Sign Language">Caucasian (Harsneren)</a></i><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_note_c"><a href="#endnote_note_c">[c]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Bay_Islands_Sign_Language" title="Bay Islands Sign Language">Bay Islands</a></li>
<li>Belizean</li>
<li><a href="Berbey_Sign_Language" title="Berbey Sign Language">Berbey</a></li>
<li><a href="Bhutanese_Sign_Language" title="Bhutanese Sign Language">Bhutanese</a></li>
<li><a href="Bouakako_Sign_Language" title="Bouakako Sign Language">Bouakako (LaSiBo)</a></li>
<li><a href="Bribri_Sign_Language" title="Bribri Sign Language">Bribri</a></li>
<li><a href="Brunca_Sign_Language" title="Brunca Sign Language">Brunca</a></li>
<li><a href="Bura_Sign_Language" title="Bura Sign Language">Bura</a></li>
<li><a href="Carhuahuaran_Sign_Language" title="Carhuahuaran Sign Language">Carhuahuaran</a></li>
<li><a href="Cena_(sign_language)" title="Cena (sign language)">Cena</a></li>
<li><a href="Central_Taurus_Sign_Language" title="Central Taurus Sign Language">Central Taurus (CTSL/OTİD)</a></li>
<li><a href="Chatino_Sign_Language" title="Chatino Sign Language">Chatino</a></li>
<li><a href="Chiriqui_Sign_Language" title="Chiriqui Sign Language">Chiriqui</a></li>
<li><a href="Cuban_Sign_Language" title="Cuban Sign Language">Cuban (LSC)</a></li>
<li><a href="Dogon_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dogon Sign Language">Dogon/Douentza</a></li>
<li><a href="Ecuadorian_Sign_Language" title="Ecuadorian Sign Language">Ecuadorian (LSEC)</a></li>
<li><a href="Enga_Sign_Language" title="Enga Sign Language">Enga</a></li>
<li><a href="Ghandruk_Sign_Language" title="Ghandruk Sign Language">Ghandruk</a></li>
<li><a href="Ghardaia_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghardaia Sign Language">Ghardaia (AJSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Guatemalan_Sign_Language" title="Guatemalan Sign Language">Guatemalan (Lensegua)</a></li>
<li><a href="Guinea-Bissau_Sign_Language" title="Guinea-Bissau Sign Language">Guinea-Bissau</a></li>
<li><i><a href="Henniker_Sign_Language" title="Henniker Sign Language">Henniker</a></i><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_note_c"><a href="#endnote_note_c">[c]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Hausa_Sign_Language" title="Hausa Sign Language">Hausa (HSL/Magannar Hannu)</a></li>
<li><a href="Hawai'i_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawai'i Sign Language">Hawaiʻi (Hoailona ʻŌlelo)</a>
<ul><li>Creole HSL</li></ul></li>
<li>Inuit
<ul><li><a href="Inuit_Sign_Language" title="Inuit Sign Language">Inuit Uukturausingit (IUR)</a></li>
<li><a href="Greenlandic_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenlandic Sign Language">Greenlandic (Ussersuataarneq)</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Jhankot_Sign_Language" title="Jhankot Sign Language">Jhankot</a></li>
<li><a href="Jumla_Sign_Language" title="Jumla Sign Language">Jumla</a></li>
<li><a href="Ka'apor_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ka'apor Sign Language">Ka'apor</a></li>
<li><a href="Kajana_Sign_Language" title="Kajana Sign Language">Kajana</a></li>
<li><a href="Kafr_Qasem_Sign_Language" title="Kafr Qasem Sign Language">Kafr Qasim</a></li>
<li><a href="Kailge_Sign_Language" title="Kailge Sign Language">Kailge</a></li>
<li><a href="Kata_Kolok" title="Kata Kolok">Kata Kolok</a></li>
<li><a href="Kenyan_Sign_Language" title="Kenyan Sign Language">Kenyan (KSL/LAK)</a>
<ul><li><a href="Somali_Sign_Language" title="Somali Sign Language">Somali (SSL)</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Keresan_Sign_Language" title="Keresan Sign Language">Keresan Pueblo (KPISL/Keresign)</a></li>
<li>Kisindo</li>
<li><a href="Jamaican_Country_Sign_Language" title="Jamaican Country Sign Language">Jamaican Country (KS/Konchri Sain)</a></li>
<li><a href="Macedonian_Sign_Language" title="Macedonian Sign Language">Macedonian</a></li>
<li><a href="Malawian_Sign_Language" title="Malawian Sign Language">Malawian</a></li>
<li><a href="Maltese_Sign_Language" title="Maltese Sign Language">Maltese (LSM)</a></li>
<li><a href="Mardin_Sign_Language" title="Mardin Sign Language">Mardin</a></li>
<li><a href="Maroua_Sign_Language" title="Maroua Sign Language">Maroua</a></li>
<li><a href="Maunabudhuk%E2%80%93Bodhe_Sign_Language" title="Maunabudhuk–Bodhe Sign Language">Maunabudhuk–Bodhe</a></li>
<li><a href="Mauritian_Sign_Language" title="Mauritian Sign Language">Mauritian (MSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Mbour_Sign_Language" title="Mbour Sign Language">M'bour</a></li>
<li><a href="Mehek_Sign_Language" title="Mehek Sign Language">Mehek</a></li>
<li><a href="Miyakubo_Sign_Language" title="Miyakubo Sign Language">Miyakubo Shuwa</a></li>
<li><a href="Burkina_Sign_Language" title="Burkina Sign Language">Burkina (Mossi)</a></li>
<li><a href="Mount_Avejaha_Sign_Language" title="Mount Avejaha Sign Language">Mount Avejaha</a></li>
<li><a href="Mozambican_Sign_Language" title="Mozambican Sign Language">Mozambican</a></li>
<li><a href="Angami_Naga_Sign_Language" title="Angami Naga Sign Language">Naga</a></li>
<li><a href="Navajo_Family_Sign" title="Navajo Family Sign">Navajo/Diné Family</a></li>
<li><a href="Nicaraguan_Sign_Language" title="Nicaraguan Sign Language">Nicaraguan (ISN)</a></li>
<li><a href="Old_Costa_Rican_Sign_Language" title="Old Costa Rican Sign Language">Old Costa Rican</a></li>
<li><a href="Orocovis_Sign_Language" title="Orocovis Sign Language">Orocovis (LSOR)</a></li>
<li><i><a href="Ottoman_Sign_Language" title="Ottoman Sign Language">Ottoman (Seraglio/Harem)</a></i></li>
<li><a href="Ban_Khor_Sign_Language" title="Ban Khor Sign Language">Ban Khor (Pasa kidd)</a></li>
<li><a href="Penang_Sign_Language" title="Penang Sign Language">Penang</a></li>
<li><a href="Persian_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Sign Language">Persian (Esharani)</a></li>
<li><a href="Peruvian_Sign_Language" title="Peruvian Sign Language">Peruvian (LSP)</a>
<ul><li><a href="Inmaculada_Sign_Language" title="Inmaculada Sign Language">Inmaculada</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Qahveh_Khaneh_Sign_Language" title="Qahveh Khaneh Sign Language">Qahveh Khaneh</a></li>
<li><i><a href="Rennellese_Sign_Language" title="Rennellese Sign Language">Rennellese</a></i><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_note_c"><a href="#endnote_note_c">[c]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Rossel_Island_Sign_Language" title="Rossel Island Sign Language">Rossel Island</a></li>
<li><a href="Rwandan_Sign_Language" title="Rwandan Sign Language">Rwandan (AKR/AMR)</a></li>
<li><i><a href="Sandy_River_Valley_Sign_Language" title="Sandy River Valley Sign Language">Sandy River Valley</a></i><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_note_c"><a href="#endnote_note_c">[c]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Salvadoran_Sign_Language" title="Salvadoran Sign Language">Salvadoran (LESSA)</a></li>
<li>Sawmill</li>
<li><a href="Sinasina_Sign_Language" title="Sinasina Sign Language">Sinasina (SSSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Sivia_Sign_Language" title="Sivia Sign Language">Sivia</a></li>
<li><a href="South_Rupununi_Sign_Language" title="South Rupununi Sign Language">South Rupununi</a></li>
<li><a href="Spanish_Sign_Language" title="Spanish Sign Language">Spanish (LSE)</a></li>
<li><a href="Tebul_Sign_Language" title="Tebul Sign Language">Tebul</a></li>
<li><a href="Terena_Sign_Language" title="Terena Sign Language">Terena</a></li>
<li><a href="Tibetan_Sign_Language" title="Tibetan Sign Language">Tibetan (Bökyi lagda)</a></li>
<li><a href="Trinidad_and_Tobago_Sign_Language" title="Trinidad and Tobago Sign Language">Trinidad and Tobago (TTSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Turkish_Sign_Language" title="Turkish Sign Language">Turkish (TİD)</a></li>
<li><a href="Ugandan_Sign_Language" title="Ugandan Sign Language">Ugandan (USL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Venezuelan_Sign_Language" title="Venezuelan Sign Language">Venezuelan (LSV/VSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Wanib_Sign_Language" title="Wanib Sign Language">Wanib</a></li>
<li>West African
<ul><li><a href="Adamorobe_Sign_Language" title="Adamorobe Sign Language">Adamorobe (AdaSL/Mumu kasa)</a></li>
<li><a href="Bura_Sign_Language" title="Bura Sign Language">Bura (Burasl)</a></li>
<li>Mofu-Gudur</li>
<li><a href="Nanabin_Sign_Language" title="Nanabin Sign Language">Nanabin (NanabinSL)</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Yoruba_Sign_Language" title="Yoruba Sign Language">Yoruban (YSL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Zambian_Sign_Language" title="Zambian Sign Language">Zambian (ZSL)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other groupings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Koniya_Sign_Language" title="Koniya Sign Language">Amami Shuwa languages</a></li>
<li><a href="Ethiopian_sign_languages" title="Ethiopian sign languages">Ethiopian languages</a></li>
<li><a href="Laotian_sign_languages" title="Laotian sign languages">Laotian languages</a></li>
<li><a href="Rwandan_Sign_Language" title="Rwandan Sign Language">Rwandan languages</a></li>
<li><a href="Sri_Lankan_sign_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lankan sign languages">Sri Lankan languages</a></li>
<li><a href="Sudanese_sign_languages" title="Sudanese sign languages">Sudanese languages</a> (~150)<sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_note_b"><a href="#endnote_note_b">[b]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Tanzanian_sign_languages" title="Tanzanian sign languages">Tanzanian languages</a> (7+)<sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_note_b"><a href="#endnote_note_b">[b]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Zimbabwean_sign_languages" title="Zimbabwean sign languages">Zimsign languages</a></li></ul>
<ul><li><a href="International_Sign" title="International Sign">International Sign</a></li>
<li><a href="Village_sign_language" title="Village sign language">Village languages</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region<sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_note_a"><a href="#endnote_note_a">[a]</a></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Sign_languages_by_region108" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Sign languages by region</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<dl><dt>Algeria</dt>
<dd><a href="Algerian_Sign_Language" title="Algerian Sign Language">Algerian</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Ghardaia_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghardaia Sign Language">Ghardaia</a></dd>
<dt>Cameroon</dt>
<dd><a href="Maroua_Sign_Language" title="Maroua Sign Language">Maroua</a></dd>
<dt>Cape Verde</dt>
<dd><a href="Cape_Verdian_Sign_Language" title="Cape Verdian Sign Language">Cape Verdian (LGC)</a></dd>
<dt>Ghana</dt>
<dd><a href="Adamorobe_Sign_Language" title="Adamorobe Sign Language">Adamorobe (AdaSL / Mumu kasa)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Nanabin_Sign_Language" title="Nanabin Sign Language">Nanabin</a></dd>
<dt>Ivory Coast</dt>
<dd><a href="Bouakako_Sign_Language" title="Bouakako Sign Language">Bouakako (LaSiBo)</a></dd>
<dt>Kenya</dt>
<dd><a href="Kenyan_Sign_Language" title="Kenyan Sign Language">Kenyan</a></dd>
<dt>Malawi</dt>
<dd><a href="Malawian_Sign_Language" title="Malawian Sign Language">Malawian</a></dd>
<dt>Mali</dt>
<dd><a href="Bamako_Sign_Language" title="Bamako Sign Language">Bamako (LaSiMa)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Berbey_Sign_Language" title="Berbey Sign Language">Berbey</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Tebul_Sign_Language" title="Tebul Sign Language">Tebul</a></dd>
<dt>Mozambique</dt>
<dd><a href="Mozambican_Sign_Language" title="Mozambican Sign Language">Mozambican</a></dd>
<dt>Nigeria</dt>
<dd><a href="Bura_Sign_Language" title="Bura Sign Language">Bura</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Hausa_Sign_Language" title="Hausa Sign Language">Hausa (Magannar Hannu)</a></dd>
<dt>Rwanda</dt>
<dd><a href="Rwandan_Sign_Language" title="Rwandan Sign Language">Rwandan (Amarenga)</a></dd>
<dt>São Tomé and Príncipe</dt>
<dd><a href="S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_Sign_Language" title="São Tomé and Príncipe Sign Language">São Tomé and Príncipean (LGSTP)</a></dd>
<dt>Senegal</dt>
<dd><a href="Mbour_Sign_Language" title="Mbour Sign Language">Mbour</a></dd>
<dt>Somalia, Somaliland &amp; Djibouti</dt>
<dd><a href="Somali_Sign_Language" title="Somali Sign Language">Somali</a></dd>
<dt>South Africa</dt>
<dd><a href="South_African_Sign_Language" title="South African Sign Language">South African</a></dd>
<dt>Tanzania</dt>
<dd><a href="Tanzanian_sign_languages" title="Tanzanian sign languages">Tanzanian</a></dd>
<dt>Uganda</dt>
<dd><a href="Ugandan_Sign_Language" title="Ugandan Sign Language">Ugandan</a></dd>
<dt>Zambia</dt>
<dd><a href="Zambian_Sign_Language" title="Zambian Sign Language">Zambian</a></dd></dl>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<dl><dt>Bengal</dt>
<dd><a href="Bengali_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Sign Language">Bengali</a></dd>
<dt>Cambodia</dt>
<dd><a href="Cambodian_Sign_Language" title="Cambodian Sign Language">Cambodian</a></dd>
<dt>China</dt>
<dd><a href="Chinese_Sign_Language" title="Chinese Sign Language">Chinese</a></dd>
<dt>Hong Kong</dt>
<dd><a href="Hong_Kong_Sign_Language" title="Hong Kong Sign Language">Hong Kong (HKSL)</a></dd>
<dt>India</dt>
<dd><a href="Alipur_Sign_Language" title="Alipur Sign Language">Alipur</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Bengali_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Sign Language">Bengali</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Indo-Pakistani_Sign_Language" title="Indo-Pakistani Sign Language">Indo-Pakistani</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Naga_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Naga Sign Language">Naga</a></dd>
<dt>Indonesia</dt>
<dd><a href="Indonesian_Sign_Language" title="Indonesian Sign Language">Indonesian</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Kata_Kolok" title="Kata Kolok">Kata Kolok (Benkala, Balinese)</a></dd>
<dt>Iran</dt>
<dd><a href="Persian_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Sign Language">Iranian (Esharani)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Qahveh_Khaneh_Sign_Language" title="Qahveh Khaneh Sign Language">Qahveh Khaneh</a></dd>
<dt>Iraq</dt>
<dd><a href="Iraqi_Sign_Language" title="Iraqi Sign Language">Iraqi</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Kurdish_Sign_Language" title="Kurdish Sign Language">Kurdish</a></dd>
<dt>Israel</dt>
<dd><a href="Al-Sayyid_Bedouin_Sign_Language" title="Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language">Al-Sayyid Bedouin</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Ghardaia_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghardaia Sign Language">Ghardaia</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Israeli_Sign_Language" title="Israeli Sign Language">Israeli</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Kafr_Qasem_Sign_Language" title="Kafr Qasem Sign Language">Kafr Qasem</a></dd>
<dt>Japan</dt>
<dd><a href="Japanese_Sign_Language" title="Japanese Sign Language">Japanese</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Koniya_Sign_Language" title="Koniya Sign Language">Koniya</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Miyakubo_Sign_Language" title="Miyakubo Sign Language">Miyakubo</a></dd>
<dt>Korea</dt>
<dd><a href="Korean_Sign_Language" title="Korean Sign Language">Korean</a></dd>
<dt>Kazakhstan</dt>
<dd><a href="Kazakh_Sign_Language" title="Kazakh Sign Language">Kazakh-Russian</a></dd>
<dt>Laos</dt>
<dd><a href="Laotian_sign_languages" title="Laotian sign languages">Laotian</a></dd>
<dt>Malaysia</dt>
<dd><a href="Malaysian_Sign_Language" title="Malaysian Sign Language">Malaysian</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Penang_Sign_Language" title="Penang Sign Language">Penang</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Selangor_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Selangor Sign Language">Selangor</a></dd>
<dt>Maldives</dt>
<dd><a href="Maldives_Sign_Language" title="Maldives Sign Language">Maldives</a></dd>
<dt>Mongolia</dt>
<dd><a href="Mongolian_Sign_Language" title="Mongolian Sign Language">Mongolian</a></dd>
<dt>Nepal</dt>
<dd><a href="Ghandruk_Sign_Language" title="Ghandruk Sign Language">Ghandruk</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Jhankot_Sign_Language" title="Jhankot Sign Language">Jhankot</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Jumla_Sign_Language" title="Jumla Sign Language">Jumla</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Maunabudhuk%E2%80%93Bodhe_Sign_Language" title="Maunabudhuk–Bodhe Sign Language">Maunabudhuk–Bodhe</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Nepalese_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepalese Sign Language">Nepalese</a></dd>
<dt>Philippines</dt>
<dd><a href="Filipino_Sign_Language" title="Filipino Sign Language">Filipino</a></dd>
<dt>Saudi Arabia</dt>
<dd><a href="Saudi_Sign_Language" title="Saudi Sign Language">Saudi</a></dd>
<dt>Singapore</dt>
<dd><a href="Sign_language_in_Singapore" class="mw-redirect" title="Sign language in Singapore">Singapore</a></dd>
<dt>Sri Lanka</dt>
<dd><a href="Sri_Lankan_sign_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lankan sign languages">Sri Lankan</a></dd>
<dt>Taiwan</dt>
<dd><a href="Taiwan_Sign_Language" title="Taiwan Sign Language">Taiwanese</a></dd>
<dt>Tajikistan</dt>
<dd><a href="Russian_Sign_Language" title="Russian Sign Language">Russian</a></dd>
<dt>Tibet</dt>
<dd><a href="Tibetan_Sign_Language" title="Tibetan Sign Language">Tibetan (Bökyi lagda)</a></dd>
<dt>Thailand</dt>
<dd><a href="Old_Bangkok_Sign_Language" title="Old Bangkok Sign Language">Old Bangkok</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Chiangmai_Sign_Language" title="Chiangmai Sign Language">Chiangmai</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Thai_Sign_Language" title="Thai Sign Language">Thai</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Ban_Khor_Sign_Language" title="Ban Khor Sign Language">Ban Khor (Pasa kidd)</a></dd>
<dt>Vietnam</dt>
<dd><a href="Vietnamese_sign_languages" title="Vietnamese sign languages">Vietnamese</a></dd></dl>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<dl><dt>Armenia</dt>
<dd><a href="Armenian_Sign_Language" title="Armenian Sign Language">Armenian</a></dd>
<dt>Austria</dt>
<dd><a href="Austrian_Sign_Language" title="Austrian Sign Language">Austrian</a></dd>
<dt>Azerbaijan</dt>
<dd><a href="Azerbaijani_Sign_Language" title="Azerbaijani Sign Language">Azerbaijani</a></dd>
<dt>Belgium</dt>
<dd><a href="Flemish_Sign_Language" title="Flemish Sign Language">Flemish</a></dd>
<dd><a href="French_Belgian_Sign_Language" title="French Belgian Sign Language">French Belgian</a></dd>
<dt>United Kingdom</dt>
<dd><a href="British_Sign_Language" title="British Sign Language">British</a></dd>
<dt>Croatia</dt>
<dd><a href="Croatian_Sign_Language" title="Croatian Sign Language">Croatian</a></dd>
<dt>Denmark</dt>
<dd><a href="Danish_Sign_Language" title="Danish Sign Language">Danish</a></dd>
<dd>Faroese (Teknmál)</dd>
<dt>Estonia</dt>
<dd><a href="Estonian_Sign_Language" title="Estonian Sign Language">Estonian</a></dd>
<dt>Finland</dt>
<dd><a href="Finnish_Sign_Language" title="Finnish Sign Language">Finnish</a></dd>
<dt>France</dt>
<dd><a href="Ghardaia_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghardaia Sign Language">Ghardaia</a></dd>
<dd></dd>
<dd><a href="Lyons_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyons Sign Language">Lyons</a></dd>
<dt>Georgia</dt>
<dd><a href="Georgian_Sign_Language" title="Georgian Sign Language">Georgian</a></dd>
<dt>Germany</dt>
<dd><a href="German_Sign_Language" title="German Sign Language">German</a></dd>
<dt>Greece</dt>
<dd><a href="Greek_Sign_Language" title="Greek Sign Language">Greek</a></dd>
<dt>Hungary</dt>
<dd><a href="Hungarian_Sign_Language" title="Hungarian Sign Language">Hungarian</a></dd>
<dt>Iceland</dt>
<dd><a href="Icelandic_Sign_Language" title="Icelandic Sign Language">Icelandic</a></dd>
<dt>Ireland</dt>
<dd><a href="Irish_Sign_Language" title="Irish Sign Language">Irish</a></dd>
<dt>Italy</dt>
<dd><a href="Italian_Sign_Language" title="Italian Sign Language">Italian</a></dd>
<dt>Kosovo</dt>
<dd><a href="Yugoslav_Sign_Language" title="Yugoslav Sign Language">Yugoslav (Kosovar)</a></dd>
<dt>Latvia</dt>
<dd><a href="Latvian_Sign_Language" title="Latvian Sign Language">Latvian</a></dd>
<dt>Lithuania</dt>
<dd><a href="Lithuanian_Sign_Language" title="Lithuanian Sign Language">Lithuanian</a></dd>
<dt>Moldova</dt>
<dd><a href="Russian_Sign_Language" title="Russian Sign Language">Russian</a></dd>
<dt>Netherlands</dt>
<dd><a href="Dutch_Sign_Language" title="Dutch Sign Language">Dutch</a></dd>
<dt>North Macedonia</dt>
<dd><a href="Macedonian_Sign_Language" title="Macedonian Sign Language">Macedonian</a></dd>
<dt>Northern Ireland</dt>
<dd><a href="Northern_Ireland_Sign_Language" title="Northern Ireland Sign Language">Northern Ireland</a></dd>
<dt>Norway</dt>
<dd><a href="Norwegian_Sign_Language" title="Norwegian Sign Language">Norwegian</a></dd>
<dt>Poland</dt>
<dd><a href="Polish_Sign_Language" title="Polish Sign Language">Polish</a></dd>
<dt>Portugal</dt>
<dd><a href="Portuguese_Sign_Language" title="Portuguese Sign Language">Portuguese</a></dd>
<dt>Russia</dt>
<dd><a href="Russian_Sign_Language" title="Russian Sign Language">Russian</a></dd>
<dt>Slovenia</dt>
<dd><a href="Yugoslav_Sign_Language" title="Yugoslav Sign Language">Slovenian</a></dd>
<dt>Spain</dt>
<dd><a href="Catalan_Sign_Language" title="Catalan Sign Language">Catalan</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Spanish_Sign_Language" title="Spanish Sign Language">Spanish</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Valencian_Sign_Language" title="Valencian Sign Language">Valencian</a></dd>
<dt>Sweden</dt>
<dd><a href="Swedish_Sign_Language" title="Swedish Sign Language">Swedish</a></dd>
<dt>Switzerland</dt>
<dd><a href="Swiss-German_Sign_Language" title="Swiss-German Sign Language">Swiss-German</a></dd>
<dt>Turkey</dt>
<dd><a href="Central_Taurus_Sign_Language" title="Central Taurus Sign Language">Central Taurus (CTSL/OTİD)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Mardin_Sign_Language" title="Mardin Sign Language">Mardin</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Turkish_Sign_Language" title="Turkish Sign Language">Turkish</a></dd>
<dt>Ukraine</dt>
<dd><a href="Ukrainian_Sign_Language" title="Ukrainian Sign Language">Ukrainian</a></dd></dl>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North and<br>Central<br>America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<dl><dt>Belize</dt>
<dd>Belizean</dd>
<dt>Canada</dt>
<dd><a href="American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">American (ASL)</a>
<dl><dd><a href="Black_ASL" class="mw-redirect" title="Black ASL">Black ASL</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Protactile" title="Protactile">Protactile</a></dd></dl></dd>
<dd><a href="Plains_Sign_Talk" class="mw-redirect" title="Plains Sign Talk">Hand Talk</a>
<dl><dd><a href="Oneida_Sign_Language" title="Oneida Sign Language">Oneida (OSL)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Plateau_Sign_Language" title="Plateau Sign Language"><i>Plateau</i></a></dd></dl></dd>
<dd><a href="Inuit_Sign_Language" title="Inuit Sign Language">Inuit (IUR)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Maritime_Sign_Language" title="Maritime Sign Language">Maritime (MSL)</a></dd>
<dd>Sawmill</dd>
<dd><a href="Quebec_Sign_Language" title="Quebec Sign Language">Quebec</a></dd>
<dt>Cayman</dt>
<dd><i><a href="Old_Cayman_Sign_Language" title="Old Cayman Sign Language">Old Cayman</a></i></dd>
<dt>Costa Rica</dt>
<dd><a href="Bribri_Sign_Language" title="Bribri Sign Language">Bribri</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Brunca_Sign_Language" title="Brunca Sign Language">Brunca</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Old_Costa_Rican_Sign_Language" title="Old Costa Rican Sign Language">Old Costa Rican</a></dd>
<dd><a href="New_Costa_Rican_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="New Costa Rican Sign Language">New Costa Rican</a></dd>
<dt>Cuba</dt>
<dd><a href="Cuban_Sign_Language" title="Cuban Sign Language">Cuban</a></dd>
<dt>Greenland</dt>
<dd><a href="Greenlandic_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenlandic Sign Language">Greenlandic (Ussersuataarneq)</a></dd>
<dt>Guatemala</dt>
<dd><a href="Guatemalan_Sign_Language" title="Guatemalan Sign Language">Guatemalan</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Mayan_Sign_Language" title="Mayan Sign Language">Mayan</a></dd>
<dt>Haiti</dt>
<dd><a href="Haitian_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Haitian Sign Language">Haitian</a></dd>
<dt>Honduras</dt>
<dd><a href="Bay_Islands_Sign_Language" title="Bay Islands Sign Language">Bay Islands</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Honduras_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Honduras Sign Language">Honduran</a></dd>
<dt>Mexico</dt>
<dd><a href="Albarradas_Sign_Language" title="Albarradas Sign Language">Albarradas</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Chatino_Sign_Language" title="Chatino Sign Language">Chatino</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Mayan_Sign_Language" title="Mayan Sign Language">Mayan</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Mexican_Sign_Language" title="Mexican Sign Language">Mexican</a></dd>
<dt>Nicaragua</dt>
<dd><a href="Nicaraguan_Sign_Language" title="Nicaraguan Sign Language">Nicaraguan</a></dd>
<dt>Panama</dt>
<dd><a href="Chiriqui_Sign_Language" title="Chiriqui Sign Language">Chiriqui</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Panamanian_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Panamanian Sign Language">Panamanian</a></dd>
<dt>Puerto Rico (USA)</dt>
<dd><a href="American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">American (ASL)</a>
<dl><dd><a href="Puerto_Rican_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican Sign Language">Puerto Rican</a></dd></dl></dd>
<dd><a href="Orocovis_Sign_Language" title="Orocovis Sign Language">Orocovis</a></dd>
<dt>El Salvador</dt>
<dd><a href="Salvadoran_Sign_Language" title="Salvadoran Sign Language">Salvadoran (LESSO)</a></dd>
<dd>Old Salvadoran</dd>
<dt>United States</dt>
<dd><a href="American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">American (ASL)</a>
<dl><dd><a href="Black_American_Sign_Language" title="Black American Sign Language">Black ASL</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Protactile" title="Protactile">Protactile</a></dd></dl></dd>
<dd><a href="Plains_Sign_Talk" class="mw-redirect" title="Plains Sign Talk">Hand Talk</a>
<dl><dd><a href="Oneida_Sign_Language" title="Oneida Sign Language">Oneida (OSL)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Plateau_Sign_Language" title="Plateau Sign Language"><i>Plateau</i></a></dd></dl></dd>
<dd><a href="Henniker_Sign_Language" title="Henniker Sign Language"><i>Henniker</i></a></dd>
<dd><a href="Keresan_Sign_Language" title="Keresan Sign Language">Keresan (Keresign)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Martha's_Vineyard_Sign_Language" title="Martha's Vineyard Sign Language"><i>Martha's Vineyard</i></a></dd>
<dd>Navajo Family</dd>
<dd><a href="Sandy_River_Valley_Sign_Language" title="Sandy River Valley Sign Language"><i>Sandy River Valley</i></a></dd>
<dd>Sawmill</dd></dl>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<dl><dt>Australia</dt>
<dd><a href="Akitiri_Sign_Language" title="Akitiri Sign Language">Akitiri (Eltye eltyarrenke)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Arrernte_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrernte Sign Language">Arrernte (Iltyeme iltyeme)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Auslan" title="Auslan">Auslan</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Australian-Irish_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian-Irish Sign Language">Australian-Irish</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Manjiljarra_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Manjiljarra Sign Language">Manjiljarra</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Mudbura_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mudbura Sign Language">Mudbura (Mudburra)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Ngada_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ngada Sign Language">Ngada</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Umpila_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Umpila Sign Language">Umpila</a>
<dl><dd><a href="Far_North_Queensland_Indigenous_Sign_Language" title="Far North Queensland Indigenous Sign Language">Far North Queensland</a></dd></dl></dd>
<dd><a href="Warlmanpa_Sign_Language" title="Warlmanpa Sign Language">Warlmanpa</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Warlpiri_Sign_Language" title="Warlpiri Sign Language">Warlpiri (Rdaka rdaka)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Warumungu_Sign_Language" title="Warumungu Sign Language">Warumungu (Warramunga)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Western_Desert_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Desert Sign Language">Western Desert</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Western_Torres_Strait_Islander_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Torres Strait Islander Sign Language">Western Torres Strait Islander</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Yir_Yoront_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yir Yoront Sign Language">Yir Yoront</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Yol%C5%8Bu_Sign_Language" title="Yolŋu Sign Language">Yolŋu</a></dd>
<dt>Hawaii (USA)</dt>
<dd><a href="Hawaiian_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaiian Sign Language">Hawaiʻan (Haoilona ʻŌlelo)</a></dd>
<dt>New Zealand</dt>
<dd><a href="New_Zealand_Sign_Language" title="New Zealand Sign Language">New Zealand (NZSL)</a></dd>
<dt>Papua New Guinea</dt>
<dd><a href="Enga_Sign_Language" title="Enga Sign Language">Enga</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Kailge_Sign_Language" title="Kailge Sign Language">Kailge</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Mehek_Sign_Language" title="Mehek Sign Language">Mehek</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Mount_Avejaha_Sign_Language" title="Mount Avejaha Sign Language">Mount Avejaha</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Papua_New_Guinean_Sign_Language" title="Papua New Guinean Sign Language">Papua New Guinean (PNGSL)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Rossel_Island_Sign_Language" title="Rossel Island Sign Language">Rossel Island</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Sinasina_Sign_Language" title="Sinasina Sign Language">Sinasina</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Wanib_Sign_Language" title="Wanib Sign Language">Wanib</a></dd>
<dt>Samoa and American Samoa</dt>
<dd><a href="Samoan_Sign_Language" title="Samoan Sign Language">Samoan</a></dd></dl>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<dl><dt>Argentina</dt>
<dd><a href="Argentine_Sign_Language" title="Argentine Sign Language">Argentine (LSA)</a></dd>
<dt>Bolivia</dt>
<dd><a href="Bolivian_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivian Sign Language">Bolivian</a></dd>
<dt>Brazil</dt>
<dd><a href="Brazilian_Sign_Language" title="Brazilian Sign Language">Brazilian (Libras)</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Cena_(sign_language)" title="Cena (sign language)">Cena</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Ka'apor_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ka'apor Sign Language">Ka'apor</a></dd>
<dd><a href="South_Rupununi_Sign_Language" title="South Rupununi Sign Language">South Rupununi</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Terena_Sign_Language" title="Terena Sign Language">Terena</a></dd>
<dt>Chile</dt>
<dd><a href="Chilean_Sign_Language" title="Chilean Sign Language">Chilean</a></dd>
<dt>Colombia</dt>
<dd><a href="Colombian_Sign_Language" title="Colombian Sign Language">Colombian</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Provisle" class="mw-redirect" title="Provisle">Provisle</a></dd>
<dt>Ecuador</dt>
<dd><a href="Ecuadorian_Sign_Language" title="Ecuadorian Sign Language">Ecuadorian</a></dd>
<dt>Guyana</dt>
<dd><a href="Guyanese_Sign_Language" title="Guyanese Sign Language">Guyanese</a></dd>
<dd><a href="South_Rupununi_Sign_Language" title="South Rupununi Sign Language">South Rupununi</a></dd>
<dt>Paraguay</dt>
<dd><a href="Paraguayan_Sign_Language" title="Paraguayan Sign Language">Paraguayan</a></dd>
<dt>Peru</dt>
<dd><a href="Carhuahuaran_Sign_Language" title="Carhuahuaran Sign Language">Carhuahuaran</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Inmaculada_Sign_Language" title="Inmaculada Sign Language">Inmaculada</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Peruvian_Sign_Language" title="Peruvian Sign Language">Peruvian</a></dd>
<dd><a href="Sivia_Sign_Language" title="Sivia Sign Language">Sivia</a></dd>
<dt>Suriname</dt>
<dd><a href="Kajana_Sign_Language" title="Kajana Sign Language">Kajana</a></dd>
<dt>Uruguay</dt>
<dd><a href="Uruguayan_Sign_Language" title="Uruguayan Sign Language">Uruguayan</a></dd>
<dt>Venezuela</dt>
<dd><a href="Venezuelan_Sign_Language" title="Venezuelan Sign Language">Venezuelan</a></dd></dl>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="International_Sign" title="International Sign">International Sign</a></li>
<li><a href="Makaton" title="Makaton">Makaton</a></li>
<li><a href="Monastic_sign_languages" title="Monastic sign languages">Monastic</a></li>
<li><a href="Signalong" title="Signalong">Signalong</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">ASL</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="American_Sign_Language_grammar" title="American Sign Language grammar">Grammar</a></li>
<li><a href="Idioms_in_American_Sign_Language" title="Idioms in American Sign Language">Idioms</a></li>
<li><a href="American_Sign_Language_literature" title="American Sign Language literature">Literature</a></li>
<li><a href="Profanity_in_American_Sign_Language" title="Profanity in American Sign Language">Profanity</a></li>
<li><a href="ASL_name_sign" class="mw-redirect" title="ASL name sign">Name signs</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extinct<br> languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>Chilmark</li>
<li><a href="Dieri_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dieri Sign Language">Diyari</a></li>
<li><a href="Jaralde_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaralde Sign Language">Jaralde</a></li>
<li><a href="Kalkutungu_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalkutungu Sign Language">Kalkutungu</a></li>
<li><a href="Henniker_Sign_Language" title="Henniker Sign Language">Henniker Sign Language</a></li>
<li><a href="Martha's_Vineyard_Sign_Language" title="Martha's Vineyard Sign Language">Martha's Vineyard</a></li>
<li><a href="Old_French_Sign_Language" title="Old French Sign Language">Old French</a></li>
<li><a href="Old_Kentish_Sign_Language" title="Old Kentish Sign Language">Old Kent</a></li>
<li><a href="Plateau_Sign_Language" title="Plateau Sign Language">Plateau Sign Language</a></li>
<li><a href="Pitha_Pitha_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitha Pitha Sign Language">Pitha Pitha</a></li>
<li><a href="Sandy_River_Valley_Sign_Language" title="Sandy River Valley Sign Language">Sandy River Valley Sign Language</a></li>
<li><a href="Warluwara_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Warluwara Sign Language">Warluwara</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Linguistics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="American_Sign_Language_grammar" title="American Sign Language grammar">Grammar (ASL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Bimodal_bilingualism" title="Bimodal bilingualism">Bimodal bilingualism</a></li>
<li><a href="American_Sign_Language_phonology" title="American Sign Language phonology">Phonology (ASL)</a></li>
<li><a href="Handshape" title="Handshape">Handshape</a> / <a href="Location_(sign_language)" title="Location (sign language)">Location</a> / <a href="Orientation_(sign_language)" title="Orientation (sign language)">Orientation</a> / <a href="Movement_(sign_language)" title="Movement (sign language)">Movement</a> / <a href="Expression_(sign_language)" title="Expression (sign language)">Expression</a></li>
<li><a href="Mouthing" title="Mouthing">Mouthing</a></li>
<li><a href="Nonmanual_feature" title="Nonmanual feature">Nonmanual feature</a></li>
<li><a href="Sign_name" title="Sign name">Sign names</a></li>
<li><a href="Home_sign" title="Home sign">Home sign</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Fingerspelling" title="Fingerspelling">Fingerspelling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="American_manual_alphabet" title="American manual alphabet">American</a></li>
<li><a href="Two-handed_manual_alphabets" title="Two-handed manual alphabets">British (two-handed)</a></li>
<li><a href="Catalan_manual_alphabet" title="Catalan manual alphabet">Catalan</a></li>
<li><a href="Chilean_manual_alphabet" title="Chilean manual alphabet">Chilean</a></li>
<li><a href="Esperanto_manual_alphabet" title="Esperanto manual alphabet">Esperanto</a></li>
<li><a href="French_manual_alphabet" title="French manual alphabet">French</a></li>
<li><a href="German_manual_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="German manual alphabet">German</a></li>
<li><a href="Hungarian_manual_alphabet" title="Hungarian manual alphabet">Hungarian</a></li>
<li><a href="Irish_manual_alphabet" title="Irish manual alphabet">Irish</a></li>
<li><a href="Japanese_manual_syllabary" title="Japanese manual syllabary">Japanese</a></li>
<li><a href="Korean_manual_alphabet" title="Korean manual alphabet">Korean</a></li>
<li><a href="Polish_manual_alphabet" title="Polish manual alphabet">Polish</a></li>
<li><a href="Russian_manual_alphabet" title="Russian manual alphabet">Russian</a></li>
<li><a href="Yugoslav_manual_alphabet" title="Yugoslav manual alphabet">Serbo-Croatian</a></li>
<li><a href="Spanish_manual_alphabet" title="Spanish manual alphabet">Spanish</a></li>
<li><a href="Ukrainian_manual_alphabet" title="Ukrainian manual alphabet">Ukrainian</a></li>
<li><a href="Portuguese_manual_alphabet" title="Portuguese manual alphabet">Portuguese</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Writing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="ASL-phabet" title="ASL-phabet">ASL-phabet</a></li>
<li><a href="Hamburg_Notation_System" title="Hamburg Notation System">Hamburg Notation System</a></li>
<li><a href="Stokoe_notation" title="Stokoe notation">Stokoe notation</a></li>
<li><a href="SignWriting" title="SignWriting">SignWriting</a></li>
<li><a href="Si5s" title="Si5s">si5s</a></li>
<li><a href="ASLwrite" title="ASLwrite">ASLwrite</a> (<span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"></span>)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Language_contact" title="Language contact">Language<br> contact</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Contact_sign" title="Contact sign">Contact sign</a></li>
<li><a href="Initialized_sign" title="Initialized sign">Initialized sign</a></li>
<li><a href="Mouthing" title="Mouthing">Mouthing</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Manually_coded_language" title="Manually coded language">Signed Oral<br> Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Indian_Signing_System" title="Indian Signing System">Indian Signing System</a></li>
<li><a href="Manually_coded_English" title="Manually coded English">Manually coded English</a></li>
<li><a href="Manually_coded_language_in_South_Africa" title="Manually coded language in South Africa">Manually coded language in South Africa</a></li>
<li><a href="Manually_Coded_Malay" title="Manually Coded Malay">Manually Coded Malay</a></li>
<li><a href="Paget_Gorman_Sign_System" title="Paget Gorman Sign System">Paget Gorman Sign System</a></li>
<li><a href="Signed_Dutch" title="Signed Dutch">Signed Dutch</a></li>
<li><a href="Signed_French" title="Signed French">Signed French</a></li>
<li><a href="Signed_German" title="Signed German">Signed German</a></li>
<li><a href="Signed_Italian" title="Signed Italian">Signed Italian</a></li>
<li><a href="Signed_Japanese" title="Signed Japanese">Signed Japanese</a></li>
<li><a href="Signed_Polish" class="mw-redirect" title="Signed Polish">Signed Polish</a></li>
<li><a href="Signed_Spanish" title="Signed Spanish">Signed Spanish</a></li>
<li><a href="Signing_Exact_English" title="Signing Exact English">Signing Exact English</a></li>
<li><a href="Tecknad_svenska" title="Tecknad svenska">Signed Swedish</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Bilingual%E2%80%93bicultural_education" title="Bilingual–bicultural education">Bilingual–bicultural education</a></li>
<li><a href="Manually_coded_language" title="Manually coded language">Manually coded language</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Sign-language_media" title="Sign-language media">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>Films (list)</li>
<li>Television shows (list)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Persons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Jabbar_Baghtcheban" title="Jabbar Baghtcheban">Jabbar Baghtcheban</a></li>
<li><a href="Jeanette_Berglind" title="Jeanette Berglind">Jeanette Berglind</a></li>
<li><a href="P%C3%A4r_Aron_Borg" title="Pär Aron Borg">Pär Aron Borg</a></li>
<li><a href="Thomas_Braidwood" title="Thomas Braidwood">Thomas Braidwood</a></li>
<li><a href="Laurent_Clerc" title="Laurent Clerc">Laurent Clerc</a></li>
<li><a href="Charles-Michel_de_l'%C3%89p%C3%A9e" title="Charles-Michel de l'Épée">Abbé de l'Épée</a></li>
<li><a href="Roger_Fouts" title="Roger Fouts">Roger Fouts</a></li>
<li><a href="Valerie_Sutton" title="Valerie Sutton">Valerie Sutton</a></li>
<li><a href="Thomas_Hopkins_Gallaudet" title="Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet">Thomas Gallaudet</a></li>
<li><a href="Roch-Ambroise_Cucurron_Sicard" title="Roch-Ambroise Cucurron Sicard">Abbé Sicard</a></li>
<li><a href="William_Stokoe" title="William Stokoe">William Stokoe</a></li>
<li><a href="Pierre_P%C3%A9lissier" title="Pierre Pélissier">Pierre Pélissier</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Association_of_Visual_Language_Interpreters_of_Canada" title="Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada">Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada</a></li>
<li><a href="International_Center_on_Deafness_and_the_Arts" title="International Center on Deafness and the Arts">International Center on Deafness and the Arts</a></li>
<li><a href="Mimics_and_Gesture_Theatre" title="Mimics and Gesture Theatre">Mimics and Gesture Theatre</a></li>
<li><a href="World_Association_of_Sign_Language_Interpreters" title="World Association of Sign Language Interpreters">World Association of Sign Language Interpreters</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Baby_sign_language" title="Baby sign language">Baby sign language</a></li>
<li><a href="Chimpanzee_and_Human_Communication_Institute" title="Chimpanzee and Human Communication Institute">CHCI chimpanzee center</a> (<a href="Washoe_(chimpanzee)" title="Washoe (chimpanzee)">Washoe</a>, <a href="Loulis" title="Loulis">Loulis</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Hand_signaling_(open_outcry)" title="Hand signaling (open outcry)">Open Outcry</a></li>
<li><a href="Legal_recognition_of_sign_languages" title="Legal recognition of sign languages">Legal recognition</a></li>
<li><a href="U.S._Army_hand_and_arm_signals" title="U.S. Army hand and arm signals">U.S. Army hand and arm signals </a></li>
<li><a href="Monastic_sign_languages" title="Monastic sign languages">Monastic sign languages</a></li>
<li><a href="Tactile_signing" title="Tactile signing">Tactile signing</a></li>
<li><a href="Protactile" title="Protactile">Protactile</a></li>
<li><a href="Tic-tac_(horse_racing)" title="Tic-tac (horse racing)">Tic-tac</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:left"><div><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_note_a"><b><a href="#ref_note_a">^a</a></b></span> Sign-language names reflect the region of origin. Natural sign languages are not related to the spoken language used in the same region. For example, French Sign Language originated in France, but is not related to French. Conversely, <a href="American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">ASL</a> and <a href="British_Sign_Language" title="British Sign Language">BSL</a> both originated in English-speaking countries but are not related to each other; ASL however is related to .
<p><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_note_b"><b><a href="#ref_note_b">^b</a></b></span> Denotes the number (if known) of languages within the family. No further information is given on these languages.
</p>
<span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_note_c"><b><a href="#ref_note_c">^c</a></b></span> <i>Italics</i> indicate <a href="Extinct_language" title="Extinct language">extinct languages</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
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